*terminal.txt*	For Vim version 9.2.  Last change: 2026 Jun 26


		  VIM REFERENCE MANUAL	  by Bram Moolenaar


Terminal window support				*terminal* *terminal-window*


The terminal feature is optional, use this to check if your Vim has it: >
	echo has('terminal')
If the result is "1" you have it.


1. Basic use				|terminal-use|
      Typing					|terminal-typing|
      Size and color				|terminal-size-color|
      Command syntax				|:terminal|
      Resizing					|terminal-resizing|
      Terminal Modes				|Terminal-mode|
      Cursor style				|terminal-cursor-style|
      Session					|terminal-session|
      Special keys				|terminal-special-keys|
      Unix					|terminal-unix|
      MS-Windows				|terminal-ms-windows|
2. Terminal functions			|terminal-function-details|
3. Terminal communication		|terminal-communication|
      Vim to job: term_sendkeys()		|terminal-to-job|
      Job to Vim: JSON API			|terminal-api|
      Using the client-server feature		|terminal-client-server|
4. Remote testing			|terminal-testing|
5. Diffing screen dumps			|terminal-diff|
      Writing a screen dump test for Vim	|terminal-dumptest|
      Creating a screen dump			|terminal-screendump|
      Comparing screen dumps			|terminal-diffscreendump|
6. Debugging				|terminal-debug|
      Starting					|termdebug-starting|
      Example session				|termdebug-example|
      Stepping through code			|termdebug-stepping|
      Inspecting variables			|termdebug-variables|
      Navigating stack frames			|termdebug-frames|
      Other commands				|termdebug-commands|
      Events					|termdebug-events|
      Prompt mode				|termdebug-prompt|
      Mappings					|termdebug-mappings|
      Communication				|termdebug-communication|
      Remote Debugging				|termdebug-remote|
      Customizing				|termdebug-customizing|

{only available when compiled with the |+terminal| feature}
The terminal feature requires the |+job| and |+channel| features.

==============================================================================
1. Basic use						*terminal-use*

This feature is for running a terminal emulator in a Vim window.  A job can be
started connected to the terminal emulator.  For example, to run a shell: >
     :term bash

Or to run build command: >
     :term make myprogram

The job runs asynchronously from Vim, the window will be updated to show
output from the job, also while editing in another window.


Typing ~
							*terminal-typing*
When the keyboard focus is in the terminal window, typed keys will be sent to
the job.  This uses a pty when possible.  You can click outside of the
terminal window to move keyboard focus elsewhere.

						*t_CTRL-W_CTRL-W* *t_CTRL-W_:*
CTRL-W can be used to navigate between windows and other CTRL-W commands,
e.g.:
	CTRL-W CTRL-W	move focus to the next window
	CTRL-W :	enter an Ex command
See |CTRL-W| for more commands.

Special in the terminal window:			*t_CTRL-W_.*  *t_CTRL-W_N*
	CTRL-W .	send a CTRL-W to the job in the terminal
	CTRL-W CTRL-\	send a CTRL-\ to the job in the terminal
	CTRL-W N	go to Terminal-Normal mode, see |Terminal-mode|
	CTRL-\ CTRL-N   go to Terminal-Normal mode, see |Terminal-mode|
	CTRL-W " {reg}  paste register {reg}		*t_CTRL-W_quote*
			Also works with the = register to insert the result of
			evaluating an expression.
	CTRL-W CTRL-C	ends the job, see below |t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C|
	CTRL-W gt	go to next tabpage, same as `gt`	*t_CTRL-W_gt*
	CTRL-W gT	go to previous tabpage, same as `gT`	*t_CTRL-W_gT*

See option 'termwinkey' for specifying another key instead of CTRL-W that
will work like CTRL-W.  However, typing 'termwinkey' twice sends 'termwinkey'
to the job.  For example:
	'termwinkey' CTRL-W    move focus to the next window
	'termwinkey' :	       enter an Ex command
	'termwinkey' 'termwinkey' send 'termwinkey' to the job in the terminal
	'termwinkey' .	       send 'termwinkey' to the job in the terminal
	'termwinkey' CTRL-\    send a CTRL-\ to the job in the terminal
	'termwinkey' N	       go to terminal Normal mode, see below
	'termwinkey' CTRL-N    same as CTRL-W N |t_CTRL-W_N|
	'termwinkey' CTRL-C    same as CTRL-W CTRL-C |t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C|
							*t_CTRL-\_CTRL-N*
The special key combination CTRL-\ CTRL-N can be used to switch to Normal
mode, just like this works in any other mode.
							*t_CTRL-W_CTRL-C*
CTRL-W CTRL-C can be typed to forcefully end the job.  On MS-Windows a
CTRL-Break will also kill the job.

If you type CTRL-C the effect depends on what the pty has been configured to
do.  For simple commands this causes a SIGINT to be sent to the job, which
would end it.  Other commands may ignore the SIGINT or handle the CTRL-C
themselves (like Vim does).

To change the keys you type use terminal mode mappings, see |:tmap|.
These are defined like any mapping, but apply only when typing keys that are
sent to the job running in the terminal.  For example, to make F1 switch
to Terminal-Normal mode: >
   tnoremap <F1> <C-W>N
You can use Esc, but you need to make sure it won't cause other keys to
break (cursor keys start with an Esc, so they may break), this probably only
works in the GUI: >
   tnoremap <Esc> <C-W>N
   set notimeout ttimeout timeoutlen=100

You can also create menus similar to terminal mode mappings, but you have to
use |:tlmenu| instead of |:tmenu|.

							*options-in-terminal*
After opening the terminal window and setting 'buftype' to "terminal" the
|TerminalWinOpen| autocommand event is triggered.  This makes it possible to set
options specifically for the terminal window and buffer.  Example: >
   au TerminalWinOpen * setlocal bufhidden=hide
This only works properly if the terminal is not hidden.

For both hidden and non-hidden terminals this works, both for buffer-local and
window-local options: >
   au TerminalWinOpen,BufWinEnter * if &buftype == 'terminal'
        \ | setlocal bufhidden=hide colorcolumn=123
        \ | endif
Note that for a hidden terminal the options are not set until the terminal is
no longer hidden.

There is also the |TerminalOpen| event.  Keep in mind this may be triggered
for a hidden terminal, then the current window and buffer are not that of the
new terminal.
You need to use <abuf>, which is set to the terminal buffer.  Example: >
    au TerminalOpen * call setbufvar(expand('<abuf>')->str2nr(),
	    \ '&termwinscroll', 1000)
For a window-local option, you need to delay setting the option until the
terminal window has been created (this only works for a hidden terminal): >
    au TerminalOpen * exe printf(
        \    'au BufWinEnter <buffer=%d> ++once setlocal colorcolumn=%d',
        \       expand('<abuf>')->str2nr(), 123)
For a non-hidden terminal use |TerminalWinOpen|.

Mouse events (click and drag) are passed to the terminal.  Mouse move events
are only passed when Vim itself is receiving them.  For a terminal that is
when 'balloonevalterm' is enabled.


Size and color ~
							*terminal-size-color*
See option 'termwinsize' for controlling the size of the terminal window.
(TODO: scrolling when the terminal is larger than the window)

The job running in the terminal can change the colors.  The default foreground
and background colors are taken from Vim, the Normal highlight group.

For a color terminal the 'background' option is used to decide whether the
terminal window will start with a white or black background.

To use a different color the Terminal highlight group can be used, for
example: >
    hi Terminal ctermbg=lightgrey ctermfg=blue guibg=lightgrey guifg=blue
Instead of Terminal another group can be specified with the "term_highlight"
option for `term_start()`.

							*g:terminal_ansi_colors*
In GUI mode or with 'termguicolors', the 16 ANSI colors used by default in new
terminal windows may be configured using the variable
`g:terminal_ansi_colors`, which should be a list of 16 color names or
hexadecimal color codes, similar to those accepted by |highlight-guifg|.  When
not using GUI colors, the terminal window always uses the 16 ANSI colors of
the underlying terminal.
When using `term_start()` the colors can be set with the "ansi_colors" option.
The |term_setansicolors()| function can be used to change the colors, and
|term_getansicolors()| to get the currently used colors.


Command syntax ~

:[range]ter[minal] [options] [command]			*:ter* *:terminal*
			Open a new terminal window.

			If [command] is provided run it as a job and connect
			the input and output to the terminal.
			If [command] is not given the 'shell' option is used.
			if [command] is NONE no job is started, the pty of the
			terminal can be used by a command like gdb.

			If [command] outputs NUL bytes, those will be
			converted to new lines |NL-used-for-Nul|.

							*terminal-nospecial*
			Vim itself only recognizes |cmdline-special|
			characters inside [command].  Everything else will be
			passed untouched.  When needed to expand wildcards,
			environment variables or other shell specials consider
			|term++shell| option.

			If [command] is missing the default behavior is to
			close the terminal when the shell exits.  This can be
			changed with the ++noclose argument.
			If [command] is present the default behavior is to
			keep the terminal open in Terminal-Normal mode.  This
			can be changed with the ++close argument.

			No Vim command can follow, any | is included in
			[command].  Use `:execute` if you must have a Vim
			command following in the same line.

							*terminal-bufname*
			A new buffer will be created, using [command] or
			'shell' as the name, prefixed with a "!".  If a buffer
			by this name already exists a number is added in
			parentheses.  E.g. if "gdb" exists the second terminal
			buffer will use "!gdb (1)".

			If [range] is given the specified lines are used as
			input for the job.  It will not be possible to type
			keys in the terminal window.  For MS-Windows see the
			++eof argument below.

				    *term++close* *term++noclose* *term++open*
			Supported [options] are:
			++close		The terminal window will close
					automatically when the job terminates.
					|terminal-close|
			++noclose	The terminal window will NOT close
					automatically when the job terminates.
			++open		When the job terminates and no window
					shows it, a window will be opened.
					Note that this can be interruptive.
				The last of ++close, ++noclose and ++open
				matters and rules out earlier arguments.

			++curwin	Open the terminal in the current
					window, do not split the current
					window.  Fails if the current buffer
					cannot be |abandon|ed.
			++hidden	Open the terminal in a hidden buffer,
					no window will be used.
			++norestore	Do not include this terminal window
					in a session file.

						*term++shell*
			++shell		Instead of executing {command}
					directly, use a shell, like with
					`:!command`		*E279*
					{only works on Unix and MS-Windows}
					The resulting command will look like
					'shell' 'shellcmdflag' [command]
					Other options related to `:!command`
					have no effect.
			++kill={how}	When trying to close the terminal
					window kill the job with {how}.  See
					|term_setkill()| for the values.
			++rows={height} Use {height} for the terminal window
					height.  If the terminal uses the full
					Vim height (no window above or below
					the terminal window) the command line
					height will be reduced as needed.
			++cols={width}  Use {width} for the terminal window
					width.  If the terminal uses the full
					Vim width (no window left or right of
					the terminal window) this value is
					ignored.
			++eof={text}	When using [range]: text to send after
					the last line was written.  Cannot
					contain white space.  A CR is
					appended.  For MS-Windows the default
					is to send CTRL-D.
					E.g. for a shell use "++eof=exit" and
					for Python "++eof=exit()".  Special
					codes can be used like with `:map`,
					e.g. "<C-Z>" for CTRL-Z.
			++type={pty}	(MS-Windows only): Use {pty} as the
					virtual console.  See 'termwintype'
					for the values.
			++api={expr}	Permit the function name starting with
					{expr} to be called as |terminal-api|
					function.  If {expr} is empty then no
					function can be called.

			If you want to use more options use the |term_start()|
			function.
			If you want to split the window vertically, use: >
				:vertical terminal
<			Or short: >
				:vert ter

When the buffer associated with the terminal is forcibly unloaded or wiped out
the job is killed, similar to calling `job_stop(job, "kill")` .
Closing the window normally results in |E947|.  When a kill method was set
with "++kill={how}" or |term_setkill()| then closing the window will use that
way to kill or interrupt the job.  For example: >
	:term ++kill=term tail -f /tmp/log

So long as the job is running the window behaves like it contains a modified
buffer.  Trying to close the window with `CTRL-W :quit` fails.  When using
`CTRL-W :quit!` the job is ended.  The text in the window is lost, the buffer
is deleted.  With `CTRL-W :bunload!` the buffer remains but will be empty.

Trying to close the window with `CTRL-W :close` also fails.   Using
`CTRL-W :close!` will close the window and make the buffer hidden.

You can use `CTRL-W :hide` to close the terminal window and make the buffer
hidden, the job keeps running.  The `:buffer` command can be used to turn the
current window into a terminal window.  If there are unsaved changes this
fails, use ! to force, as usual.

							*terminal-close*
When the terminal job finishes and no [command] was given (e.g. the 'shell'
command was executed), the terminal window will be closed by default (unless
the buffer in next window receiving the space has the 'nobuflisted' option
set, in which case the terminal window would not be closed automatically, but
a new empty buffer would be opened in that window).

When the terminal window is closed, e.g. when the shell exits and "++close"
argument was used, and this is the last normal Vim window, then Vim will exit.
This is like using |:quit| in a normal window.  Help and preview windows are
not counted.

To have a background job run without a window, and open the window when it's
done, use options like this: >
	:term ++hidden ++open make
Note that the window will open at an unexpected moment, this will interrupt
what you are doing.

							*E947* *E948*
So long as the job is running, the buffer is considered modified and Vim
cannot be quit easily, see |abandon|.

When the job has finished and no changes were made to the buffer: closing the
window will wipe out the buffer.

Before changes can be made to a terminal buffer, the 'modifiable' option must
be set.  This is only possible when the job has finished.  At the first change
the buffer will become a normal buffer and the highlighting is removed.
You may want to change the buffer name with |:file| to be able to write, since
the buffer name will still be set to the command.


Resizing ~
							*terminal-resizing*
The size of the terminal can be in one of three modes:

1. The 'termwinsize' option is empty: The terminal size follows the window
   size.  The minimal size is 2 screen lines with 10 cells.

2. The 'termwinsize' option is "rows*cols", where "rows" is the minimal number
   of screen rows and "cols" is the minimal number of cells.

3. The 'termwinsize' option is "rowsXcols" (where the x is upper or lower
   case).  The terminal size is fixed to the specified number of screen lines
   and cells.  If the window is bigger there will be unused empty space.

If the window is smaller than the terminal size, only part of the terminal can
be seen (the lower-left part).

The |term_getsize()| function can be used to get the current size of the
terminal.  |term_setsize()| can be used only when in the first or second mode,
not when 'termwinsize' is "rowsXcols".


Terminal-Job and Terminal-Normal mode ~
						*Terminal-mode* *Terminal-Job*
When the job is running the contents of the terminal is under control of the
job.  That includes the cursor position.  Typed keys are sent to the job.
The terminal contents can change at any time.  This is called Terminal-Job
mode.

Use CTRL-W N (or 'termwinkey' N) to switch to Terminal-Normal mode.  Now the
contents of the terminal window is under control of Vim, the job output is
suspended.  CTRL-\ CTRL-N does the same.

Terminal-Job mode is where |:tmap| mappings are applied.  Keys sent by
|term_sendkeys()| are not subject to tmap, but keys from |feedkeys()| are.

It is not possible to enter Insert mode from Terminal-Job mode.

						*Terminal-Normal* *E946*
In Terminal-Normal mode you can move the cursor around with the usual Vim
commands, Visually mark text, yank text, etc.  But you cannot change the
contents of the buffer.  The commands that would start insert mode, such as
'i' and 'a', return to Terminal-Job mode.  The window will be updated to show
the contents of the terminal.  |:startinsert| is ineffective.

In Terminal-Normal mode the statusline and window title show "(Terminal)".  If
the job ends while in Terminal-Normal mode this changes to
"(Terminal-finished)".

When the job outputs lines in the terminal, such that the contents scrolls off
the top, those lines are remembered and can be seen in Terminal-Normal mode.
The number of lines is limited by the 'termwinscroll' option.  When going over
this limit, the first 10% of the scrolled lines are deleted and are lost.


Cursor style ~
							*terminal-cursor-style*
By default the cursor in the terminal window uses a not blinking block.  The
normal xterm escape sequences can be used to change the blinking state and the
shape.  Once focus leaves the terminal window Vim will restore the original
cursor.

An exception is when xterm is started with the "-bc" argument, or another way
that causes the cursor to blink.  This actually means that the blinking flag
is inverted.  Since Vim cannot detect this, the terminal window cursor
blinking will also be inverted.


Session ~
							*terminal-session*
A terminal window will be restored when using a session file, if possible and
wanted.

If "terminal" was removed from 'sessionoptions' then no terminal windows will
be restored.

If the job in the terminal was finished the window will not be restored.

If the terminal can be restored, the command that was used to open it will be
used again.  To change this use the |term_setrestore()| function.  This can
also be used to not restore a specific terminal by setting the command to
"NONE".


Special keys ~
							*terminal-special-keys*
Since the terminal emulator simulates an xterm, only escape sequences that
both Vim and xterm recognize will be available in the terminal window.  If you
want to pass on other escape sequences to the job running in the terminal you
need to set up forwarding.  Example: >
	tmap <expr> <Esc>]b SendToTerm("\<Esc>]b")
	func SendToTerm(what)
	  call term_sendkeys('', a:what)
	  return ''
	endfunc


Unix ~
							*terminal-unix*
On Unix a pty is used to make it possible to run all kinds of commands.  You
can even run Vim in the terminal!  That's used for debugging, see below.

Environment variables are used to pass information to the running job:
    TERM		the name of the terminal, from the 'term' option or
			$TERM in the GUI; falls back to "xterm" if it does not
			start with "xterm"
    ROWS		number of rows in the terminal initially
    LINES		same as ROWS
    COLUMNS		number of columns in the terminal initially
    COLORS		number of colors, 't_Co' (256*256*256 in the GUI)
    VIM_SERVERNAME	v:servername
    VIM_TERMINAL	v:version


MS-Windows ~
							*terminal-ms-windows*
On MS-Windows winpty is used to make it possible to run all kind of commands.
Obviously, they must be commands that run in a terminal, not open their own
window.

You need the following two files from winpty:

    winpty.dll
    winpty-agent.exe

You can download them from the following page:

    https://github.com/rprichard/winpty

Just put the files somewhere in your PATH.  You can set the 'winptydll' option
to point to the right file, if needed.  If you have both the 32-bit and 64-bit
version, rename to winpty32.dll and winpty64.dll to match the way Vim was
build.
							*ConPTY* *E982*
On more recent versions of MS-Windows 10 (beginning with the "October 2018
Update"), winpty is no longer required.  On those versions, |:terminal| will use
Windows' built-in support for hosting terminal applications, "ConPTY".  When
ConPTY is in use, there may be rendering artifacts regarding ambiguous-width
characters.  If you encounter any such issues, install "winpty".  ConPTY
support is considered stable with the first release of Windows 11.

Environment variables are used to pass information to the running job:
    VIM_SERVERNAME	v:servername

							*git-vimdumps*
There exists a git-difftool extension called `git-vimdumps` that can be used
to conveniently inspect screendump files and diff them.  Please see in the Vim
Repository the file `src/testdir/commondumps.vim` on how to create and use
this git extension.

==============================================================================
2. Terminal functions				 *terminal-function-details*

							*term_dumpdiff()*
term_dumpdiff({filename}, {filename} [, {options}])
		Open a new window displaying the difference between the two
		files.  The files must have been created with
		|term_dumpwrite()|.
		Returns the buffer number or zero when the diff fails.
		Also see |terminal-diff|.
		NOTE: this does not work with double-width characters yet.

		The top part of the buffer contains the contents of the first
		file, the bottom part of the buffer contains the contents of
		the second file.  The middle part shows the differences.
		The parts are separated by a line of equals.

		If the {options} argument is present, it must be a Dict with
		these possible members:
		   "term_name"	     name to use for the buffer name, instead
				     of the first file name.
		   "term_rows"	     vertical size to use for the terminal,
				     instead of using 'termwinsize', but
				     respecting the minimal size; valid range
				     is from 0 to 1000
		   "term_cols"	     horizontal size to use for the terminal,
				     instead of using 'termwinsize', but
				     respecting the minimal size; valid range
				     is from 0 to 1000
		   "vertical"	     split the window vertically
		   "curwin"	     use the current window, do not split the
				     window; fails if the current buffer
				     cannot be |abandon|ed
		   "bufnr"	     do not create a new buffer, use the
				     existing buffer "bufnr".  This buffer
				     must have been previously created with
				     term_dumpdiff() or term_dumpload() and
				     visible in a window.
		   "norestore"	     do not add the terminal window to a
				     session file

		Each character in the middle part indicates a difference.  If
		there are multiple differences only the first in this list is
		used:
			X	different character
			w	different width
			f	different foreground color
			b	different background color
			a	different attribute
			+	missing position in first file
			-	missing position in second file
			>	cursor position in first file, not in second
			<	cursor position in second file, not in first

		Using the "s" key the top and bottom parts are swapped.  This
		makes it easy to spot a difference.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetFilename()->term_dumpdiff(otherfile)
<
		Return type: |Number|


term_dumpload({filename} [, {options}])			*term_dumpload()*
		Open a new window displaying the contents of {filename}
		The file must have been created with |term_dumpwrite()|.
		Returns the buffer number or zero when it fails.
		Also see |terminal-diff|.

		For {options} see |term_dumpdiff()|.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetFilename()->term_dumpload()
<
		Return type: |Number|


term_dumpwrite({buf}, {filename} [, {options}])		*term_dumpwrite()*
		Dump the contents of the terminal screen of {buf} in the file
		{filename}.  This uses a format that can be used with
		|term_dumpload()| and |term_dumpdiff()|.
		If the job in the terminal already finished an error is given:
		*E958*
		If {filename} already exists an error is given:	*E953*
		Also see |terminal-diff|.

		{options} is a dictionary with these optional entries:
			"rows"		maximum number of rows to dump
			"columns"	maximum number of columns to dump

		Can also be used as a |method|, the base is used for the file
		name: >
			GetFilename()->term_dumpwrite(bufnr)
<
		Return type: void


term_getaltscreen({buf})				*term_getaltscreen()*
		Returns 1 if the terminal of {buf} is using the alternate
		screen.
		{buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_getaltscreen()
<
		Return type: |Number|


term_getansicolors({buf})				*term_getansicolors()*
		Get the ANSI color palette in use by terminal {buf}.
		Returns a List of length 16 where each element is a String
		representing a color in hexadecimal "#rrggbb" format.
		Also see |term_setansicolors()| and |g:terminal_ansi_colors|.
		If neither was used returns the default colors.

		{buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.  If the buffer does not
		exist or is not a terminal window, an empty list is returned.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_getansicolors()
<
		Return type: list<string> or list<any>

		{only available when compiled with GUI enabled and/or the
		|+termguicolors| feature}

term_getattr({attr}, {what})				*term_getattr()*
		Given {attr}, a value returned by term_scrape() in the "attr"
		item, return whether {what} is on.  {what} can be one of:
			bold
			italic
			underline
			strike
			reverse

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetAttr()->term_getattr()
<
		Return type: |Number|


term_getcursor({buf})					*term_getcursor()*
		Get the cursor position of terminal {buf}.  Returns a list
		with two numbers and a dictionary: [row, col, dict].

		"row" and "col" are one based, the first screen cell is row
		1, column 1.  This is the cursor position of the terminal
		itself, not of the Vim window.

		"dict" can have these members:
		   "visible"	one when the cursor is visible, zero when it
				is hidden.
		   "blink"	one when the cursor is blinking, zero when it
				is not blinking.
		   "shape"	1 for a block cursor, 2 for underline and 3
				for a vertical bar.
		   "color"	color of the cursor, e.g. "green"

		{buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window.  If the
		buffer does not exist or is not a terminal window, an empty
		list is returned.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_getcursor()
<
		Return type: list<any>


term_getjob({buf})					*term_getjob()*
		Get the Job associated with terminal window {buf}.
		{buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
		Returns |v:null| when there is no job.  In Vim9 script, return
		|null_job| when there is no job.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_getjob()
<
		Return type: |job|


term_getline({buf}, {row})				*term_getline()*
		Get a line of text from the terminal window of {buf}.
		{buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.

		The first line has {row} one.  When {row} is "." the cursor
		line is used.  When {row} is invalid an empty string is
		returned.

		To get attributes of each character use |term_scrape()|.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_getline(row)
<
		Return type: |String|


term_getscrolled({buf})					*term_getscrolled()*
		Return the number of lines that scrolled to above the top of
		terminal {buf}.  This is the offset between the row number
		used for |term_getline()| and |getline()|, so that: >
			term_getline(buf, N)
<		is equal to: >
			getline(N + term_getscrolled(buf))
<		(if that line exists).

		{buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_getscrolled()
<
		Return type: |Number|


term_getsize({buf})					*term_getsize()*
		Get the size of terminal {buf}.  Returns a list with two
		numbers: [rows, cols].  This is the size of the terminal, not
		the window containing the terminal.

		{buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window.  Use an
		empty string for the current buffer.  If the buffer does not
		exist or is not a terminal window, an empty list is returned.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_getsize()
<
		Return type: list<number> or list<any>


term_getstatus({buf})					*term_getstatus()*
		Get the status of terminal {buf}.  This returns a String with
		a comma-separated list of these items:
			running		job is running
			finished	job has finished
			normal		in Terminal-Normal mode
		One of "running" or "finished" is always present.

		{buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window.  If the
		buffer does not exist or is not a terminal window, an empty
		string is returned.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_getstatus()
<
		Return type: |String|


term_gettitle({buf})					*term_gettitle()*
		Get the title of terminal {buf}.  This is the title that the
		job in the terminal has set.

		{buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window.  If the
		buffer does not exist or is not a terminal window, an empty
		string is returned.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_gettitle()
<
		Return type: |String|


term_gettty({buf} [, {input}])				*term_gettty()*
		Get the name of the controlling terminal associated with
		terminal window {buf}.  {buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.

		When {input} is omitted or 0, return the name for writing
		(stdout).  When {input} is 1 return the name for reading
		(stdin).  On UNIX, both return same name.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_gettty()
<
		Return type: |String|


term_list()						*term_list()*
		Return a list with the buffer numbers of all buffers for
		terminal windows.

		Return type: list<number> or list<any>


term_scrape({buf}, {row})				*term_scrape()*
		Get the contents of {row} of terminal screen of {buf}.
		For {buf} see |term_getsize()|.

		The first line has {row} one.  When {row} is "." the cursor
		line is used.  When {row} is invalid an empty string is
		returned.

		Return a List containing a Dict for each screen cell:
		    "chars"	character(s) at the cell
		    "fg"	foreground color as #rrggbb
		    "bg"	background color as #rrggbb
		    "attr"	attributes of the cell, use |term_getattr()|
				to get the individual flags
		    "width"	cell width: 1 or 2
		For a double-width cell there is one item, thus the list can
		be shorter than the width of the terminal.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_scrape(row)
<
		Return type: list<dict<any>> or list<any>


term_sendkeys({buf}, {keys})				*term_sendkeys()*
		Send keystrokes {keys} to terminal {buf}.
		{buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.

		{keys} are translated as key sequences.  For example, "\<c-x>"
		means the character CTRL-X.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_sendkeys(keys)
<
		Return type: void


term_setansicolors({buf}, {colors})			*term_setansicolors()*
		Set the ANSI color palette used by terminal {buf}.
		{colors} must be a List of 16 valid color names or hexadecimal
		color codes, like those accepted by |highlight-guifg|.
		Also see |term_getansicolors()| and |g:terminal_ansi_colors|.

		The colors normally are:
			0    black
			1    dark red
			2    dark green
			3    brown
			4    dark blue
			5    dark magenta
			6    dark cyan
			7    light grey
			8    dark grey
			9    red
			10   green
			11   yellow
			12   blue
			13   magenta
			14   cyan
			15   white

		These colors are used in the GUI and in the terminal when
		'termguicolors' is set.  When not using GUI colors (GUI mode
		or 'termguicolors'), the terminal window always uses the 16
		ANSI colors of the underlying terminal.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_setansicolors(colors)
<
		Return type: void

		{only available with GUI enabled and/or the |+termguicolors|
		feature}


term_setapi({buf}, {expr})				*term_setapi()*
		Set the function name prefix to be used for the |terminal-api|
		function in terminal {buf}.  For example: >
		    :call term_setapi(buf, "Myapi_")
		    :call term_setapi(buf, "")
<
		The default is "Tapi_".  When {expr} is an empty string then
		no |terminal-api| function can be used for {buf}.

		When used as a method the base is used for {buf}: >
			GetBufnr()->term_setapi({expr})
<
		Return type: void


term_setkill({buf}, {how})				*term_setkill()*
		When exiting Vim or trying to close the terminal window in
		another way, {how} defines whether the job in the terminal can
		be stopped.
		When {how} is empty (the default), the job will not be
		stopped, trying to exit will result in |E947|.
		Otherwise, {how} specifies what signal to send to the job.
		See |job_stop()| for the values.

		After sending the signal Vim will wait for up to a second to
		check that the job actually stopped.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_setkill(how)
<
		Return type: void


term_setrestore({buf}, {command})			*term_setrestore()*
		Set the command to write in a session file to restore the job
		in this terminal.  The line written in the session file is: >
			terminal ++curwin ++cols=%d ++rows=%d {command}
<		Make sure to escape the command properly.

		Use an empty {command} to run 'shell'.
		Use "NONE" to not restore this window.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_setrestore(command)
<
		Return type: void


term_setsize({buf}, {rows}, {cols})		*term_setsize()* *E955*
		Set the size of terminal {buf}.  The size of the window
		containing the terminal will also be adjusted, if possible.
		If {rows} or {cols} is zero or negative, that dimension is not
		changed.

		{buf} must be the buffer number of a terminal window.  Use an
		empty string for the current buffer.  If the buffer does not
		exist or is not a terminal window, an error is given.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_setsize(rows, cols)
<
		Return type: void


term_start({cmd} [, {options}])			*term_start()*
		Open a terminal window and run {cmd} in it.

		{cmd} can be a string or a List, like with |job_start()|.  The
		string "NONE" can be used to open a terminal window without
		starting a job, the pty of the terminal can be used by a
		command like gdb.

		Returns the buffer number of the terminal window.  If {cmd}
		cannot be executed the window does open and shows an error
		message.
		If opening the window fails zero is returned.

		{options} are similar to what is used for |job_start()|, see
		|job-options|.  However, not all options can be used.  These
		are supported:
		   all timeout options
		   "stoponexit", "cwd", "env"
		   "callback", "out_cb", "err_cb", "exit_cb", "close_cb"
		   "in_io", "in_top", "in_bot", "in_name", "in_buf"
		   "out_io", "out_name", "out_buf", "out_modifiable", "out_msg"
		   "err_io", "err_name", "err_buf", "err_modifiable", "err_msg"
		On Unix:
		stdin, stdout, and stderr are connected to a pty by default,
		since bidirectional communication with the terminal is
		required.  Setting "out_cb" does not switch stdout from the
		pty to a pipe.  Only setting "err_cb" switches stderr to a
		pipe.
		Note: Since a pty is line-buffered and a pipe is
		block-buffered, the order of output between stdout and stderr
		may not be preserved.  Without "err_cb", stderr uses the same
		pty as stdout, so the output order is preserved but stdout and
		stderr cannot be distinguished.

		On MS-Windows with |ConPTY|:
		stdin, stdout, and stderr are always connected through pipes
		to the pseudo console, regardless of callback settings.
		Since stdout and stderr share the same pipe, they cannot be
		separated by "err_cb".
		This is because the CreatePseudoConsole() API only accepts one
		input and one output handle, with no separate handle for
		stderr.

		Note: term_start() always uses RAW mode for its callbacks.
		"out_cb" and "err_cb" receive the raw chunk of data as read
		from the OS.  A single callback invocation may contain
		multiple lines separated by NL, and (for stdout via a pty)
		each line may have a trailing CR from the line discipline
		(ONLCR).  If per-line handling is desired, the callback must
		split "msg" on NL and strip the trailing CR itself.
		Example: >
			func Handle(ch, msg)
			  for line in split(a:msg, "\n")
			    echom substitute(line, '\r$', '', '')
			  endfor
			endfunc
<
		There are extra options:
		   "term_name"	     name to use for the buffer name, instead
				     of the command name.
		   "term_rows"	     vertical size to use for the terminal,
				     instead of using 'termwinsize'; valid
				     range is from 0 to 1000
		   "term_cols"	     horizontal size to use for the terminal,
				     instead of using 'termwinsize'; valid
				     range is from 0 to 1000
		   "vertical"	     split the window vertically; note that
				     other window position can be defined with
				     command modifiers, such as |:belowright|.
		   "curwin"	     use the current window, do not split the
				     window; fails if the current buffer
				     cannot be |abandon|ed
		   "hidden"	     do not open a window
		   "norestore"	     do not add the terminal window to a
				     session file
		   "term_kill"	     what to do when trying to close the
				     terminal window, see |term_setkill()|
		   "term_finish"     What to do when the job is finished:
					"close": close any windows
					"noclose": window will not be closed
					"open": open window if needed
				     Note that "open" can be interruptive.
				     See |term++close|, |term++noclose| and
				     |term++open|.
		   "term_opencmd"    command to use for opening the window
				     when "open" is used for "term_finish";
				     must have "%d" where the buffer number
				     goes, e.g. "10split|buffer %d"; when not
				     specified "botright sbuf %d" is used
		   "term_highlight"  highlight group to use instead of
				     "Terminal"
		   "eof_chars"	     Text to send after all buffer lines were
				     written to the terminal.  When not set
				     CTRL-D is used on MS-Windows.  For Python
				     use CTRL-Z or "exit()".  For a shell use
				     "exit".  A CR is always added.
		   "ansi_colors"     A list of 16 color names or hex codes
				     defining the ANSI palette used in GUI
				     color modes.  See |g:terminal_ansi_colors|.
		   "tty_type"	     (MS-Windows only): Specify which pty to
				     use.  See 'termwintype' for the values.
		   "term_api"	     function name prefix for the
				     |terminal-api| function.  See
				     |term_setapi()|.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetCommand()->term_start()
<
		Return type: |Number|


term_wait({buf} [, {time}])					*term_wait()*
		Wait for pending updates of {buf} to be handled.
		{buf} is used as with |term_getsize()|.
		{time} is how long to wait for updates to arrive in msec.  If
		not set then 10 msec will be used.  Queued messages will also
		be processed similar to |:sleep|.

		Can also be used as a |method|: >
			GetBufnr()->term_wait()
<
		Return type: void

==============================================================================
3. Terminal communication			 *terminal-communication*

There are several ways to communicate with the job running in a terminal:
- Use |term_sendkeys()| to send text and escape sequences from Vim to the job.
- Use the JSON API to send encoded commands from the job to Vim.
- Use the |client-server| mechanism.  This works on machines with an X server
  and on MS-Windows.


Vim to job: term_sendkeys() ~
							*terminal-to-job*
This allows for remote controlling the job running in the terminal.  It is a
one-way mechanism.  The job can update the display to signal back to Vim.
For example, if a shell is running in a terminal, you can do: >
	call term_sendkeys(buf, "ls *.java\<CR>")

This requires for the job to be in the right state where it will do the right
thing when receiving the keys.  For the above example, the shell must be
waiting for a command to be typed.

For a job that was written for the purpose, you can use the JSON API escape
sequence in the other direction.  E.g.: >
	call term_sendkeys(buf, "\<Esc>]51;["response"]\x07")


Job to Vim: JSON API ~
							*terminal-api*
The job can send JSON to Vim, using a special escape sequence.  The JSON
encodes a command that Vim understands.  Example of such a message: >
	<Esc>]51;["drop", "README.md"]<07>

The body is always a list, making it easy to find the end: ]<07>.
The <Esc>]51;msg<07> sequence is reserved by xterm for "Emacs shell", which is
similar to what we are doing here.

Currently supported commands:

	call {funcname} {argument}

		Call a user defined function with {argument}.
		The function is called with two arguments: the buffer number
		of the terminal and {argument}, the decoded JSON argument.
		By default, the function name must start with "Tapi_" to avoid
		accidentally calling a function not meant to be used for the
		terminal API.  This can be changed with |term_setapi()|.
		The user function should sanity check the argument.
		The function can use |term_sendkeys()| to send back a reply.
		Example in JSON: >
			["call", "Tapi_Impression", ["play", 14]]
<		Calls a function defined like this: >
			function Tapi_Impression(bufnum, arglist)
			  if len(a:arglist) == 2
			    echomsg "impression " .. a:arglist[0]
			    echomsg "count " .. a:arglist[1]
			  endif
			endfunc
<		Output from `:echo` may be erased by a redraw, use `:echomsg`
		to be able to see it with `:messages`.

	drop {filename} [options]

		Let Vim open a file, like the `:drop` command.  If {filename}
		is already open in a window, switch to that window.  Otherwise
		open a new window to edit {filename}.
		Note that both the job and Vim may change the current
		directory, thus it's best to use the full path.

		[options] is only used when opening a new window.  If present,
		it must be a Dict.  Similarly to |++opt|, these entries are
		recognized:
		  "ff"		file format: "dos", "mac" or "unix"
		  "fileformat"	idem
		  "enc"		overrides 'fileencoding'
		  "encoding"	idem
		  "bin"		sets 'binary'
		  "binary"	idem
		  "nobin"	resets 'binary'
		  "nobinary"	idem
		  "bad"		specifies behavior for bad characters, see
				|++bad|

		Example in JSON: >
			["drop", "path/file.txt", {"ff": "dos"}]

You can use |echoraw()| to make Vim send this escape sequence: >
	call echoraw("\<ESC>]51;[\"call\", \"Tapi_TryThis\", [\"hello\", 123]]\x07")
	call echoraw("\<Esc>]51;[\"drop\", \"README.md\"]\x07")
Note: JSON requires double quotes around string values, hence those have to be
escaped.

Rationale: Why not allow for any command or expression?  Because that might
create a security problem.
						*terminal-autoshelldir*
This can be used to pass the current directory from a shell to Vim.
Put this in your .vimrc: >
	def g:Tapi_lcd(_, path: string)
	    if isdirectory(path)
		execute 'silent lcd ' .. fnameescape(path)
	    endif
	enddef
<
And, in a bash init file: >
	if [[ -n "$VIM_TERMINAL" ]]; then
	    PROMPT_COMMAND='_vim_sync_PWD'
	    function _vim_sync_PWD() {
		printf '\033]51;["call", "Tapi_lcd", "%q"]\007' "$PWD"
	    }
	fi
<
Or, for zsh: >
	if [[ -n "$VIM_TERMINAL" ]]; then
	    autoload -Uz add-zsh-hook
	    add-zsh-hook -Uz chpwd _vim_sync_PWD
	    function _vim_sync_PWD() {
		printf '\033]51;["call", "Tapi_lcd", "%q"]\007' "$PWD"
	    }
	fi
<
Or, for fish: >
	if test -n "$VIM_TERMINAL"
	    function _vim_sync_PWD --on-variable=PWD
		printf '\033]51;["call", "Tapi_lcd", "%s"]\007' "$PWD"
	    end
	end


Using the client-server feature ~
						*terminal-client-server*
This only works when v:servername is not empty.  If needed you can set it,
before opening the terminal, with: >
	call remote_startserver('vim-server')

$VIM_SERVERNAME is set in the terminal to pass on the server name.

In the job you can then do something like: >
	vim --servername $VIM_SERVERNAME --remote +123 some_file.c
This will open the file "some_file.c" and put the cursor on line 123.

==============================================================================
4. Remote testing					*terminal-testing*

Most Vim tests execute a script inside Vim.  For some tests this does not
work, running the test interferes with the code being tested.  To avoid this
Vim is executed in a terminal window.  The test sends keystrokes to it and
inspects the resulting screen state.

Functions ~

|term_sendkeys()|	send keystrokes to a terminal (not subject to tmap)
|term_wait()|		wait for screen to be updated
|term_scrape()|		inspect terminal screen


==============================================================================
5. Diffing screen dumps					*terminal-diff*

In some cases it can be bothersome to test that Vim displays the right
characters on the screen.  E.g. with syntax highlighting.  To make this
simpler it is possible to take a screen dump of a terminal and compare it to
an expected screen dump.

Vim uses the window size, text, color and other attributes as displayed.  The
Vim screen size, font and other properties do not matter.  Therefore this
mechanism is portable across systems.  A conventional screenshot would reflect
all differences, including font size and family.


Writing a screen dump test for Vim ~
							*terminal-dumptest*
For an example see the Test_syntax_c() function in
src/testdir/test_syntax.vim.  The main parts are:
- Write a file you want to test with.  This is useful for testing syntax
  highlighting.  You can also start Vim with an empty buffer.
- Run Vim in a terminal with a specific size.  The default is 20 lines of 75
  characters.  This makes sure the dump is always this size.  The function
  RunVimInTerminal() takes care of this.  Pass it the arguments for the Vim
  command.
- Send any commands to Vim using |term_sendkeys()|.  For example: >
	call term_sendkeys(buf, ":echo &lines &columns\<CR>")
- Check that the screen is now in the expected state, using
  VerifyScreenDump().  This expects the reference screen dump to be in the
  src/testdir/dumps/ directory.  Pass the name without ".dump".  It is
  recommended to use the name of the test function and a sequence number, so
  that we know what test is using the file.
- Repeat sending commands and checking the state.
- Finally stop Vim by calling StopVimInTerminal().

The first time you do this you won't have a screen dump yet.  Create an empty
file for now, e.g.: >
	touch src/testdir/dumps/Test_function_name_01.dump

The test will then fail, giving you the command to compare the reference dump
and the failed dump, e.g.: >
	call term_dumpdiff("failed/Test_func.dump", "dumps/Test_func.dump")

Use this command in Vim, with the current directory set to src/testdir.
Once you are satisfied with the test, move the failed dump in place of the
reference: >
	:!mv failed/Test_func.dump dumps/Test_func.dump


Creating a screen dump ~
							*terminal-screendump*
To create the screen dump, run Vim (or any other program) in a terminal and
make it show the desired state.  Then use the |term_dumpwrite()| function to
create a screen dump file.  For example: >
	:call term_dumpwrite(77, "mysyntax.dump")

Here "77" is the buffer number of the terminal.  Use `:ls!` to see it.

You can view the screen dump with |term_dumpload()|: >
	:call term_dumpload("mysyntax.dump")

To verify that Vim still shows exactly the same screen, run Vim again with
exactly the same way to show the desired state.  Then create a screen dump
again, using a different file name: >
	:call term_dumpwrite(88, "test.dump")

To assert that the files are exactly the same use |assert_equalfile()|: >
	call assert_equalfile("mysyntax.dump", "test.dump")

If there are differences then v:errors will contain the error message.


Comparing screen dumps ~
						*terminal-diffscreendump*
|assert_equalfile()| does not make it easy to see what is different.
To spot the problem use |term_dumpdiff()|: >
	call term_dumpdiff("mysyntax.dump", "test.dump")

This will open a window consisting of three parts:
1.  The contents of the first dump
2.  The difference between the first and second dump
3.  The contents of the second dump

You can usually see what differs in the second part.  Use the 'ruler' to
relate it to the position in the first or second dump.  Letters indicate the
kind of difference:
	X	different character
	>	cursor in first but not in second
	<	cursor in second but not in first
	w	character width differs (single vs double width)
	f	foreground color differs
	b	background color differs
	a	attribute differs (bold, underline, reverse, etc.)
	?	character missing in both
	+	character missing in first
	-	character missing in second

Alternatively, press "s" to swap the first and second dump.  Do this several
times so that you can spot the difference in the context of the text.

==============================================================================
6. Debugging				*terminal-debug* *terminal-debugger*
					*package-termdebug* *termdebug*

The Terminal debugging plugin can be used to debug a program with gdb and view
the source code in a Vim window.  Since this is completely contained inside
Vim this also works remotely over an ssh connection.

When the |+terminal| feature is missing, the plugin will use the "prompt"
buffer type, if possible.  The running program will then use a newly opened
terminal window.  See |termdebug-prompt| below for details.


Starting ~
							*termdebug-starting*
Load the plugin with this command: >
	packadd termdebug
When loading the plugin from the |.vimrc| file, add the "!" attribute: >
	packadd! termdebug
<							*:Termdebug*
To start debugging use `:Termdebug` or `:TermdebugCommand` followed by the
command name, for example: >
	:Termdebug vim

This opens two windows:

gdb window	A terminal window in which "gdb vim" is executed.  Here you
		can directly interact with gdb.  The buffer name is "!gdb".

program window	A terminal window for the executed program.  When "run" is
		used in gdb the program I/O will happen in this window, so
		that it does not interfere with controlling gdb.  The buffer
		name is "debugged program".

The current window is used to show the source code.  When gdb pauses the
source file location will be displayed, if possible.  A sign is used to
highlight the current position, using highlight group debugPC.

If the buffer in the current window is modified, another window will be opened
to display the current gdb position.  You can use `:Winbar` to add a window
toolbar there.

Focus the terminal of the executed program to interact with it.  This works
the same as any command running in a terminal window.

When the debugger ends, typically by typing "quit" in the gdb window, the two
opened windows are closed.

Only one debugger can be active at a time.

						*termdebug-timeout*
Depending on how gdb is launched, termdebug startup time may vary.
To avoid termdebug to get stuck if the startup process of gdb takes too long,
a configurable timeout is included.  Such time out is configurable in terms of
multiple of 10ms: >
    let g:termdebug_config['timeout'] = 500 # 500 * 10ms = 5 seconds.

The default timeout is 3000 ms.
							*:TermdebugCommand*
If you want to give specific commands to the command being debugged, you can
use the `:TermdebugCommand` command followed by the command name and
additional parameters. >
	:TermdebugCommand vim --clean -c ':set nu'

Both the `:Termdebug` and `:TermdebugCommand` support an optional "!" bang
argument to start the command right away, without pausing at the gdb window
(and cursor will be in the debugged window).  For example: >
	:TermdebugCommand! vim --clean

To attach gdb to an already running executable or use a core file, pass extra
arguments.  E.g.: >
	:Termdebug vim core
	:Termdebug vim 98343

If no argument is given, you'll end up in a gdb window, in which you need to
specify which command to run using e.g. the gdb `file` command.


Example session ~
							*termdebug-example*
Start in the Vim "src" directory and build Vim: >
	% make
Make sure that debug symbols are present, usually that means that $CFLAGS
includes "-g".

Start Vim: >
	% ./vim

Load the termdebug plugin and start debugging Vim: >
	:packadd termdebug
	:Termdebug vim
You should now have three windows:
    source  - where you started, has a window toolbar with buttons
    gdb	    - you can type gdb commands here
    program - the executed program will use this window

You can use CTRL-W CTRL-W or the mouse to move focus between windows.
Put focus on the gdb window and type: >
	break ex_help
	run
Vim will start running in the program window.  Put focus there and type: >
	:help gui
Gdb will run into the ex_help breakpoint.  The source window now shows the
ex_cmds.c file.  A red "1 " marker will appear in the signcolumn where the
breakpoint was set.  The line where the debugger stopped is highlighted.  You
can now step through the program.  Let's use the mouse: click on the "Next"
button in the window toolbar.  You will see the highlighting move as the
debugger executes a line of source code.

Click "Next" a few times until the for loop is highlighted.  Put the cursor on
the end of "eap->arg", then click "Eval" in the toolbar.  You will see this
displayed:
	"eap->arg": 0x555555e68855 "gui" ~
This way you can inspect the value of local variables.  You can also focus the
gdb window and use a "print" command, e.g.: >
	print *eap
If mouse pointer movements are working, Vim will also show a balloon when the
mouse rests on text that can be evaluated by gdb.

Now go back to the source window and put the cursor on the first line after
the for loop, then type: >
	:Break
You will see a ">>" marker appear, this indicates the new breakpoint.  Now
click "Cont" in the toolbar and the code until the breakpoint will be
executed.

You can type more advanced commands in the gdb window.  For example, type: >
	watch curbuf
Now click "Cont" in the toolbar (or type "cont" in the gdb window).  Execution
will now continue until the value of "curbuf" changes, which is in do_ecmd().
To remove this watchpoint again type in the gdb window: >
	delete 3

You can see the stack by typing in the gdb window: >
	where
Move through the stack frames, e.g. with: >
	frame 3
The source window will show the code, at the point where the call was made to
a deeper level.


Stepping through code ~
							*termdebug-stepping*
Put focus on the gdb window to type commands there.  Some common ones are:
- CTRL-C	interrupt the program
- next		execute the current line and stop at the next line
- step		execute the current line and stop at the next statement,
		entering functions
- until		execute until past the current cursor line or past a specified
		position or the current stack frame returns
- finish	execute until leaving the current function
- where		show the stack
- frame N	go to the Nth stack frame
- continue	continue execution

						*:Run* *:Arguments*
In the window showing the source code these commands can be used to control
gdb:
 `:Run` [args]	    run the program with [args] or the previous arguments
 `:Arguments` {args}  set arguments for the next `:Run`

 *:Break*	set a breakpoint at the cursor position
 :Break [{position}] [thread {nr}] [if {expr}]
		set a breakpoint at the specified position
		if {position} is omitted, use the current file and line
		thread {nr} limits the breakpoint to one thread
		if {expr} sets a conditional breakpoint
		Examples: >
			:Break if argc == 1
			:Break 42 thread 3 if x > 10
			:Break main
<
 *:Tbreak*	set a temporary breakpoint at the cursor position
 :Tbreak [{position}] [thread {nr}] [if {expr}]
		like `:Break`, but the breakpoint is deleted after
		it is hit once
		Examples: >
			:Tbreak if argc == 1
			:Tbreak 42 thread 3 if x > 10
			:Tbreak main
<
 *:Clear*	delete the breakpoint at the cursor position
 *:ToggleBreak*	set a breakpoint at the cursor position or delete all
		breakpoints at the cursor position

 *:Step*	execute the gdb "step" command
 *:Over*	execute the gdb "next" command (`:Next` is a Vim command)
 *:Until*	execute the gdb "until" command
 *:Finish*	execute the gdb "finish" command
 *:Continue*	execute the gdb "continue" command
 *:RunOrContinue* execute the gdb "continue" command if program is running,
		otherwise run the program
 *:Stop*	interrupt the program

If 'mouse' is set the plugin adds a window toolbar with these entries:
  Step		`:Step`
  Next		`:Over`
  Finish	`:Finish`
  Cont		`:Continue`
  Stop		`:Stop`
  Eval		`:Evaluate`
This way you can use the mouse to perform the most common commands.  You need
to have the 'mouse' option set to enable mouse clicks.
See |termdebug_winbar| for configuring this toolbar.
								*:Winbar*
You can add the window toolbar in other windows you open with: >
  :Winbar

If gdb stops at a source line and there is no window currently showing the
source code, a new window will be created for the source code.  This also
happens if the buffer in the source code window has been modified and can't be
abandoned.

Gdb gives each breakpoint a number.  In Vim the number shows up in the sign
column, with a red background.  You can use these gdb commands:
- info break	list breakpoints
- delete N	delete breakpoint N
You can also use the `:Clear` command if the cursor is in the line with the
breakpoint, or use the "Clear breakpoint" right-click menu entry.


Inspecting variables ~
					*termdebug-variables* *:Evaluate*
 `:Evaluate`	    evaluate the expression under the cursor
 `K`		    same (see |termdebug_map_K| to disable)
 `:Evaluate` {expr}   evaluate {expr}
 `:'<,'>Evaluate`
 `{Visual}K`          evaluate the Visually selected text

This is similar to using "print" in the gdb window.
You can usually shorten `:Evaluate` to `:Ev`.


Navigating stack frames ~
				*termdebug-frames* *:Frame* *:Up* *:Down*
 `:Frame` [frame]	select frame [frame], which is a frame number,
			address, or function name (default: current frame)
 `:Up` [count]		go up [count] frames (default: 1; the frame that
			called the current)
 `+`			same (see |termdebug_map_plus| to disable)
 `:Down` [count]	go down [count] frames (default: 1; the frame called
			by the current)
 `-`			same (see |termdebug_map_minus| to disable)


Other commands ~
							*termdebug-commands*
 *:Gdb*	     jump to the gdb window
 *:Program*    jump to the window with the running program
 *:Source*     jump to the window with the source code, create it if there
	     isn't one
 *:Asm*	     jump to the window with the disassembly, create it if there
	     isn't one
 *:Var*	     jump to the window with the local and argument variables,
	     create it if there isn't one.  This window updates whenever the
	     program is stopped

Events ~
							*termdebug-events*
Four autocommands can be used: >
	au User TermdebugStartPre  echomsg 'debugging starting'
	au User TermdebugStartPost echomsg 'debugging started'
	au User TermdebugStopPre   echomsg 'debugging stopping'
	au User TermdebugStopPost  echomsg 'debugging stopped'
<
						*TermdebugStartPre*
TermdebugStartPre		Before starting debugging.
				Not triggered if the debugger is already
				running or the debugger command cannot be
				executed.
						*TermdebugStartPost*
TermdebugStartPost		After debugging has initialized.
				If a "!" bang is passed to `:Termdebug` or
				`:TermdebugCommand` the event is triggered
				before running the provided command in gdb.
						*TermdebugStopPre*
TermdebugStopPre		Before debugging ends, when gdb is terminated,
				most likely after issuing a "quit" command in
				the gdb window.
						*TermdebugStopPost*
TermdebugStopPost		After debugging has ended, gdb-related windows
				are closed, debug buffers wiped out and
				the state before the debugging was restored.


Customizing ~
				*termdebug-customizing* *g:termdebug_config*
In the past several global variables were used for configuration.  These are
deprecated and using the g:termdebug_config dictionary is preferred.  When
g:termdebug_config exists the other global variables will NOT be used.
The recommended way is to start with an empty dictionary: >
	let g:termdebug_config = {}

Then you can add entries to the dictionary as mentioned below.  The
deprecated global variable names are mentioned for completeness.  If you are
switching over to using g:termdebug_config you can find the old variable name
and take over the value, then delete the deprecated variable.


Prompt mode ~
						*termdebug-prompt*
When the |+terminal| feature is not supported and on MS-Windows, gdb will run
in a buffer with 'buftype' set to "prompt".  This works slightly differently:
- The gdb window will be in Insert mode while typing commands.  Go to Normal
  mode with <Esc>, then you can move around in the buffer, copy/paste, etc.
  Go back to editing the gdb command with any command that starts Insert mode,
  such as `a` or `i`.
- The program being debugged will run in a separate window.  On MS-Windows
  this is a new console window.  On Unix, if the |+terminal| feature is
  available a Terminal window will be opened to run the debugged program in.

						*termdebug_use_prompt*
Prompt mode can be used even when the |+terminal| feature is present with: >
	let g:termdebug_config['use_prompt'] = v:true
If there is no g:termdebug_config you can use: >
	let g:termdebug_use_prompt = v:true

<
However, the latter form will be deprecated in future releases.


Mappings ~
The termdebug plugin enables a few default mappings.  All those mappings
are reset to their original values once the termdebug session concludes.

					*termdebug_map_K* *termdebug-mappings*
The K key is normally mapped to |:Evaluate| unless a buffer local (|:map-local|)
mapping to K already exists.  If you do not want this use: >
	let g:termdebug_config['map_K'] = v:false
If there is no g:termdebug_config you can use: >
	let g:termdebug_map_K = v:false
<
However, the latter form will be deprecated in future releases.

						*termdebug_map_minus*
The - key is normally mapped to |:Down| unless a buffer local mapping to the -
key already exists.  If you do not want this use: >
	let g:termdebug_config['map_minus'] = v:false
<
						*termdebug_map_plus*
The + key is normally mapped to |:Up| unless a buffer local mapping to the +
key already exists.  If you do not want this use: >
	let g:termdebug_config['map_plus'] = v:false
<
						*termdebug_disasm_window*
If you want the Asm window shown by default, set the "disasm_window" flag to
1.  The "disasm_window_height" entry can be used to set the window height: >
	let g:termdebug_config['disasm_window'] = v:true
	let g:termdebug_config['disasm_window_height'] = 15
If there is no g:termdebug_config you can use: >
	let g:termdebug_disasm_window = 15

However, the latter form will be deprecated in future releases.

Any value greater than 1 will set the Asm window height to that value.
If the current window has enough horizontal space, it will be vertically split
and the Asm window will be shown side by side with the source code window (and
the height option won't be used).

						*termdebug_variables_window*
If you want the Var window shown by default, set the "variables_window" flag
to 1.  The "variables_window_height" entry can be used to set the window
height: >
	let g:termdebug_config['variables_window'] = v:true
	let g:termdebug_config['variables_window_height'] = 15
If there is no g:termdebug_config you can use: >
	let g:termdebug_variables_window = 15

However, the latter form will be deprecated in future releases.

Any value greater than 1 will set the Var window height to that value.
If the current window has enough horizontal space, it will be vertically split
and the Var window will be shown side by side with the source code window (and
the height options won't be used).


Communication ~
						*termdebug-communication*
There is another, hidden, buffer, which is used for Vim to communicate with
gdb.  The buffer name is "gdb communication".  Do not delete this buffer, it
will break the debugger.

Gdb has some weird behavior, the plugin does its best to work around that.
For example, after typing "continue" in the gdb window a CTRL-C can be used to
interrupt the running program.  But after using the MI command
"-exec-continue"  pressing CTRL-C does not interrupt.  Therefore you will see
"continue" being used for the `:Continue` command, instead of using the
communication channel.


Remote debugging ~
							*termdebug-remote*
One of the main issues of remote debugging is the access to the debuggee's
source files.  The plugin can profit from system and vim's networking
capabilities to workaround this.
						*termdebug-remote-example*
The |termdebug-example| can be replicated by running the `gdb` debugger to
debug Vim on a remote Linux machine accessible via `ssh`.

- Build Vim as explained in the local example.

- If "socat" is not available in the remote machine 'terminal' mode will not
  work properly. Fall back to |termdebug_use_prompt|: >
    :let g:termdebug_config = {}
    :let g:termdebug_config['use_prompt'] = v:true

- Specify the command line to run the remote `gdb` instance: >
    :let g:termdebug_config['command'] = ['ssh', 'hostname', 'gdb']
<  Explaining `ssh` is beyond the scope of this example, but notice the
  command line can be greatly simplified by specifying the user, keys and
  other options into the `$HOME/.ssh/config` file.

- Provide a hint for translating remote paths into |netrw| paths: >
    :let g:termdebug_config['substitute_path'] = { '/': 'scp://hostname//' }

- Load the termdebug plugin and start debugging Vim: >
    :packadd termdebug
    :Termdebug vim

You now have the same three windows of the local example and can follow the
very same steps.  The only difference is that the source windows displays a
netrw buffer instead of a local one.

						*termdebug-substitute-path*
Use the `g:termdebug_config['substitute_path']` entry to map remote to local
files using the same strategy that gdb's `substitute-path` command uses.
For example:
- Use |netrw| to access files remoting via ssh: >
    let g:termdebug_config['command'] = ['ssh', 'hostname', 'gdb']
    let g:termdebug_config['substitute_path'] = { '/': 'scp://hostname//' }
< Note: that the key specifies the remote machine root path and the value
 the local one.
- Use Windows' `UNC` paths to access `WSL2` sources: >
    let g:termdebug_config['command'] = ['wsl', 'gdb']
    let g:termdebug_config['substitute_path'] = {
	\ '/': '\\wsl.localhost\Ubuntu-22.04\',
	\ '/mnt/c/': 'C:/' }
< Note: that several mappings are required: one for each drive unit
 and one for the linux filesystem (queried via `wslpath`).

In this mode any `ssh` or `wsl` command would be detected and a similar
command would be used to launch `socat` in a remote `tty` terminal session
and connect it to `gdb`.
If `socat` is not available a plain remote terminal would be used as
fallback.
The next session shows how to override this default behaviour.

						*termdebug-remote-window*
In order to use another remote terminal client, set "remote_window" entry
in `g:termdebug_config` variable before invoking `:Termdebug`.  For example:
- Debugging inside a docker container using "prompt" mode: >
    let g:termdebug_config['use_prompt'] = v:true
    let g:termdebug_config['command'] = ['docker', 'run', '-i',
	\ '--rm', '--name', 'container-name', 'image-name', 'gdb']
    let g:termdebug_config['remote_window'] =
	\ ['docker', 'exec', '-ti', 'container-name'
	\ ,'socat', '-dd', '-', 'PTY,raw,echo=0']

- Debugging inside a docker container using a "terminal buffer".
  The container should be already running because unlike the previous
  case for `terminal mode` "program" and "communication" ptys are created
  before the gdb one: >
    $ docker run -ti --rm --name container-name immage-name

<  Then, launch the debugger: >
    let g:termdebug_config['use_prompt'] = v:false " default
    let g:termdebug_config['command'] =
	\ ['docker', 'exec', '-ti', 'container-name', 'gdb']
    let g:termdebug_config['remote_window'] =
	\ ['docker', 'exec', '-ti', 'container-name'
	\ ,'socat', '-dd', '-', 'PTY,raw,echo=0']

Note: "command" cannot use `-t` on |termdebug-prompt| mode because prompt
buffers cannot handle `tty` connections.
The "remote_window" command must use `-t` because otherwise it will lack
a `pty slave device` for gdb to connect.
Note: "socat" must be available in the remote machine on "terminal" mode.
Note: docker container sources can be accessible combining `volumes`
with mappings (see |termdebug-substitute-path|).

GDB command ~
							*g:termdebugger*
To change the name of the gdb command, set "debugger" entry in
g:termdebug_config or the "g:termdebugger" variable before invoking
`:Termdebug`: >
	let g:termdebug_config['command'] = "mygdb"

If there is no g:termdebug_config you can use: >
	let g:termdebugger = "mygdb"

However, the latter form will be deprecated in future releases.

If the command needs an argument use a List: >
	let g:termdebug_config['command'] = ['rr', 'replay', '--']

If there is no g:termdebug_config you can use: >
	let g:termdebugger = ['rr', 'replay', '--']

Several arguments will be added to make gdb work well for the debugger.
If you want to modify them, add a function to filter the argument list: >
	let g:termdebug_config['command_filter'] = MyDebugFilter

A "command_filter" scenario is solving escaping issues on remote debugging
over "ssh".  For convenience a default filter is provided for escaping
whitespaces inside the arguments.  It is automatically configured for "ssh",
but can be employed in other use cases like this: >
	let g:termdebug_config['command_filter'] =
	/   function('g:Termdebug_escape_whitespace')

If you do not want the arguments to be added, but you do need to set the
"pty", use a function to add the necessary arguments: >
	let g:termdebug_config['command_add_args'] = MyAddArguments
The function will be called with the list of arguments so far, and a second
argument that is the name of the pty.
							*gdb-version*
Only debuggers fully compatible with gdb will work.  Vim uses the GDB/MI
interface.  The "new-ui" command requires gdb version 7.12 or later.  If you
get this error:
	Undefined command: "new-ui". Try "help".~
Then your gdb is too old.


Colors ~
					*hl-debugPC* *hl-debugBreakpoint*
The color of the signs can be adjusted with these highlight groups:
- debugPC		the current position
- debugBreakpoint	a breakpoint

The defaults are, when 'background' is "light":
  hi debugPC term=reverse ctermbg=lightblue guibg=lightblue
  hi debugBreakpoint term=reverse ctermbg=red guibg=red

When 'background' is "dark":
  hi debugPC term=reverse ctermbg=darkblue guibg=darkblue
  hi debugBreakpoint term=reverse ctermbg=red guibg=red


Shortcuts ~
							*termdebug_shortcuts*
You can define your own shortcuts (mappings) to control gdb, that can work in
any window, using the TermDebugSendCommand() function.  Example: >
	map ,w :call TermDebugSendCommand('where')<CR>
The argument is the gdb command.


Popup menu ~
							*termdebug_popup*
By default the Termdebug plugin sets 'mousemodel' to "popup_setpos" and adds
these entries to the popup menu:
	Set breakpoint		`:Break`
	Clear breakpoint	`:Clear`
	Evaluate		`:Evaluate`
If you don't want this then disable it with: >
	let g:termdebug_config['popup'] = 0
If there is no g:termdebug_config you can use: >
	let g:termdebug_popup = 0

However, the latter form will be deprecated in future releases.


Change default signs ~
							*termdebug_signs*
Termdebug uses the hex number of the breakpoint ID in the signcolumn to
represent breakpoints.  If it is greater than "0xFF", then it will be
displayed as "F+", because there are only two screen cells available for the
sign.  You may also use decimal breakpoint signs instead, in which case IDs
greater than 99 will be displayed as "9+".

If you want to customize the breakpoint signs to show `>>` in the signcolumn: >
	let g:termdebug_config['sign'] = '>>'
You can also specify individual signs for the first several breakpoints: >
	let g:termdebug_config['signs'] = ['>1', '>2', '>3', '>4', '>5',
         \ '>6', '>7', '>8', '>9']
	let g:termdebug_config['sign'] = '>>'
If you would like to use decimal (base 10) breakpoint signs: >
	let g:termdebug_config['sign_decimal'] = 1
If the variable g:termdebug_config does not yet exist, you can use: >
	let g:termdebug_config = {'sign': '>>'}
Likewise, to enable decimal signs: >
	let g:termdebug_config = {'sign_decimal': 1}


Window toolbar ~
							*termdebug_winbar*
By default the Termdebug plugin creates a window toolbar if the mouse is
enabled (see |:Winbar|).  If you don't want this then disable it with: >
	let g:termdebug_config['winbar'] = 0


Vim window width ~
							*termdebug_wide*
To change the width of the Vim window when debugging starts and use a vertical
split: >
	let g:termdebug_config['wide'] = 163
If there is no g:termdebug_config you can use: >
	let g:termdebug_wide = 163

However, the latter form will be deprecated in future releases.

This will set 'columns' to 163 when `:Termdebug` is used.  The value is
restored when quitting the debugger.

If the wide value is set and 'columns' is already a greater value, then a
vertical split will be used without modifying 'columns'.

Set the wide value to 1 to use a vertical split without ever changing
'columns'.  This is useful when the terminal can't be resized by Vim.


Evaluate in Popup Window at Cursor ~
						*termdebug_evaluate_in_popup*
By default |:Evaluate| will simply echo its output.  For larger entities this
might become difficult to read or even truncated.
Alternatively, the evaluation result may be output into a popup window at the
current cursor position: >
	let g:termdebug_config['evaluate_in_popup'] = v:true
This can also be used in a "one-shot" manner: >
	func OnCursorHold()
	  let g:termdebug_config['evaluate_in_popup'] = v:true
	  :Evaluate
	  let g:termdebug_config['evaluate_in_popup'] = v:false
	endfunc
<

Contributing ~
						*termdebug_contributing*
Contributions for termdebug improvements are welcome.
However, it is fairly common that during the development process you need some
mechanisms like `echo` statements (or similar) to help you in your job.
For this reason, you can set: >
    let g:termdebug_config['debug'] = v:true
<
This sets the `DEBUG` variable to `true`, which can be referenced in the
source code.  An example of its usage follows: >
    if exists('g:termdebug_loaded')
      if DEBUG
	Echoerr('Termdebug already loaded.')
      endif
      finish
    endif
<

 vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl:
