/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.catalina.startup;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;

/**
 * <p>
 * Utility class for building class loaders for Catalina. The factory method requires the following parameters in order
 * to build a new class loader (with suitable defaults in all cases):
 * </p>
 * <ul>
 * <li>A set of directories containing unpacked classes (and resources) that should be included in the class loader's
 * repositories.</li>
 * <li>A set of directories containing classes and resources in JAR files. Each readable JAR file discovered in these
 * directories will be added to the class loader's repositories.</li>
 * <li><code>ClassLoader</code> instance that should become the parent of the new class loader.</li>
 * </ul>
 */
public final class ClassLoaderFactory {


    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(ClassLoaderFactory.class);

    // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods


    /**
     * Create and return a new class loader, based on the configuration defaults and the specified directory paths:
     *
     * @param unpacked Array of pathnames to unpacked directories that should be added to the repositories of the class
     *                     loader, or <code>null</code> for no unpacked directories to be considered
     * @param packed   Array of pathnames to directories containing JAR files that should be added to the repositories
     *                     of the class loader, or <code>null</code> for no directories of JAR files to be considered
     * @param parent   Parent class loader for the new class loader, or <code>null</code> for the system class loader.
     *
     * @return the new class loader
     *
     * @exception Exception if an error occurs constructing the class loader
     */
    public static ClassLoader createClassLoader(File[] unpacked, File[] packed, final ClassLoader parent)
            throws Exception {

        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            log.debug("Creating new class loader");
        }

        // Construct the "class path" for this class loader
        Set<URL> set = new LinkedHashSet<>();

        // Add unpacked directories
        if (unpacked != null) {
            for (File file : unpacked) {
                if (!file.canRead()) {
                    continue;
                }
                file = new File(file.getCanonicalPath());
                URL url = file.toURI().toURL();
                if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    log.debug("  Including directory " + url);
                }
                set.add(url);
            }
        }

        // Add packed directory JAR files
        if (packed != null) {
            for (File directory : packed) {
                if (!directory.isDirectory() || !directory.canRead()) {
                    continue;
                }
                String[] filenames = directory.list();
                if (filenames == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                for (String s : filenames) {
                    String filename = s.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
                    if (!filename.endsWith(".jar")) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    File file = new File(directory, s);
                    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        log.debug("  Including jar file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
                    }
                    URL url = file.toURI().toURL();
                    set.add(url);
                }
            }
        }

        // Construct the class loader itself
        final URL[] array = set.toArray(new URL[0]);
        if (parent == null) {
            return new URLClassLoader(array);
        } else {
            return new URLClassLoader(array, parent);
        }
    }


    /**
     * Create and return a new class loader, based on the configuration defaults and the specified directory paths:
     *
     * @param repositories List of class directories, jar files, jar directories or URLS that should be added to the
     *                         repositories of the class loader.
     * @param parent       Parent class loader for the new class loader, or <code>null</code> for the system class
     *                         loader.
     *
     * @return the new class loader
     *
     * @exception Exception if an error occurs constructing the class loader
     */
    public static ClassLoader createClassLoader(List<Repository> repositories, final ClassLoader parent)
            throws Exception {

        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            log.debug("Creating new class loader");
        }

        // Construct the "class path" for this class loader
        Set<URL> set = new LinkedHashSet<>();

        if (repositories != null) {
            for (Repository repository : repositories) {
                if (repository.type() == RepositoryType.URL) {
                    URL url = buildClassLoaderUrl(repository.location());
                    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        log.debug("  Including URL " + url);
                    }
                    set.add(url);
                } else if (repository.type() == RepositoryType.DIR) {
                    File directory = new File(repository.location());
                    directory = directory.getCanonicalFile();
                    if (!validateFile(directory, RepositoryType.DIR)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    URL url = buildClassLoaderUrl(directory);
                    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        log.debug("  Including directory " + url);
                    }
                    set.add(url);
                } else if (repository.type() == RepositoryType.JAR) {
                    File file = new File(repository.location());
                    file = file.getCanonicalFile();
                    if (!validateFile(file, RepositoryType.JAR)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    URL url = buildClassLoaderUrl(file);
                    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        log.debug("  Including jar file " + url);
                    }
                    set.add(url);
                } else if (repository.type() == RepositoryType.GLOB) {
                    File directory = new File(repository.location());
                    directory = directory.getCanonicalFile();
                    if (!validateFile(directory, RepositoryType.GLOB)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        log.debug("  Including directory glob " + directory.getAbsolutePath());
                    }
                    String[] filenames = directory.list();
                    if (filenames == null) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    for (String s : filenames) {
                        String filename = s.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
                        if (!filename.endsWith(".jar")) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        File file = new File(directory, s);
                        file = file.getCanonicalFile();
                        if (!validateFile(file, RepositoryType.JAR)) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                            log.debug("    Including glob jar file " + file.getAbsolutePath());
                        }
                        URL url = buildClassLoaderUrl(file);
                        set.add(url);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Construct the class loader itself
        final URL[] array = set.toArray(new URL[0]);
        if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
            for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
                log.trace("  location " + i + " is " + array[i]);
            }
        }

        if (parent == null) {
            return new URLClassLoader(array);
        } else {
            return new URLClassLoader(array, parent);
        }
    }

    private static boolean validateFile(File file, RepositoryType type) throws IOException {
        if (RepositoryType.DIR == type || RepositoryType.GLOB == type) {
            if (!file.isDirectory() || !file.canRead()) {
                String msg = "Problem with directory [" + file + "], exists: [" + file.exists() + "], isDirectory: [" +
                        file.isDirectory() + "], canRead: [" + file.canRead() + "]";

                File home = new File(Bootstrap.getCatalinaHome());
                home = home.getCanonicalFile();
                File base = new File(Bootstrap.getCatalinaBase());
                base = base.getCanonicalFile();
                File defaultValue = new File(base, "lib");

                // Existence of ${catalina.base}/lib directory is optional.
                // Hide the warning if Tomcat runs with separate catalina.home
                // and catalina.base and that directory is absent.
                if (!home.getPath().equals(base.getPath()) && file.getPath().equals(defaultValue.getPath()) &&
                        !file.exists()) {
                    log.debug(msg);
                } else {
                    log.warn(msg);
                }
                return false;
            }
        } else if (RepositoryType.JAR == type) {
            if (!file.canRead()) {
                log.warn("Problem with JAR file [" + file + "], exists: [" + file.exists() + "], canRead: [" +
                        file.canRead() + "]");
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }


    /*
     * These two methods would ideally be in the utility class org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.UriUtil but that class is not
     * visible until after the class loaders have been constructed.
     */
    private static URL buildClassLoaderUrl(String urlString) throws MalformedURLException, URISyntaxException {
        // URLs passed to class loaders may point to directories that contain
        // JARs. If these URLs are used to construct URLs for resources in a JAR
        // the URL will be used as is. It is therefore necessary to ensure that
        // the sequence "!/" is not present in a class loader URL.
        String result = urlString.replace("!/", "%21/");
        return new URI(result).toURL();
    }


    private static URL buildClassLoaderUrl(File file) throws MalformedURLException, URISyntaxException {
        // Could be a directory or a file
        String fileUrlString = file.toURI().toString();
        fileUrlString = fileUrlString.replace("!/", "%21/");
        return new URI(fileUrlString).toURL();
    }


    public enum RepositoryType {
        DIR,
        GLOB,
        JAR,
        URL
    }

    public record Repository(String location, RepositoryType type) {
    }
}
